發(fā)布時間:2020-08-21 16:42:38來源:轉(zhuǎn)載
今天,小編針對小學(xué)英語語法的知識進行了總結(jié),知識點可能不全,但小編已經(jīng)盡力了。希望今天所總結(jié)的知識能幫助你更好的學(xué)習(xí)小學(xué)英語語法的相關(guān)知識!
小學(xué)英語語法:現(xiàn)在進行時
1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。
2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動詞ing。
3.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。
4.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句。
5.現(xiàn)在進行時的非凡疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞不達意be主語動詞ing?
但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為:
疑問詞不達意be動詞ing?
動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting
3.假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,s-sping
小學(xué)英語語法:可數(shù)名詞
可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個人或一件事物時,用單數(shù)形式;指兩個或多個人或事物時用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下:
1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如:
book → books room → rooms
house → houses day → days
2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞,在詞尾加-es 。如:
bus → buses glass → glasses
watch → watches
dish → dishes box → boxes
3. 以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞,要先將y改為i再加-es。如:
city → cities body → bodies
factory → factories等等。
4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如:
half → halves leaf → leaves
knife → knives wife → wives
5. 特例 [悄悄話:特例常??迹涀?。]
① child → children
② man → men woman → women
policeman → policemen
(規(guī)律:man → men)
③ tomato → tomatoes
potato → potatoes
[悄悄話: 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時只有這兩個詞加-es,其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍!如:photo → photos ]
④ foot → feet tooth → teeth
[悄悄話: oo變成ee。]
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形 [悄悄話:變復(fù)數(shù)時詞形不變。]
⑥ people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,要求謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù); people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指"多個民族"。
小學(xué)英語語法: 不可數(shù)名詞
1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)它作句子的主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如:
The food is very fresh. 食品很新鮮。
2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞,有復(fù)數(shù)形式,但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如:
water (水) → waters (水域)
orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)
3. 很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時為不可數(shù),表示種類時就可數(shù),但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如:
fruit → fruits food → foods
fish → fishes hair → hairs
用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people ) in his family.
6. Let's take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
9. The________(child) are playing games
on the playground now.
10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
11. I see you have a few white________(hair).
12. They are________(woman) doctors.
13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?
14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.
小學(xué)英語語法:連詞的用法
1. 和我不一樣,她對英語很精通。
錯誤用法: Different from me she is proficient in English.
正確用法: Unlike me she is proficient in English.
2. 莫妮卡,借我點錢吧,比方說500美元。
錯誤用法: Lend me some money for instance 500 dollars Monika.
正確用法: Lend me some money say 500 dollars Monika.
3. 去年夏天我本想去歐洲,但費用太高于是放棄了。
錯誤用法: I wanted to go to Europe last summer but it was too expensive so I gave up to go.
正確用法: I wanted to go to Europe last summer but it was too expensive so I gave up the idea.
4. 我就是這樣做的。
錯誤用法: This is the way how I did it.
正確用法: This is how I did it. or This is the way I did it.
5. 我來這兒的路上遇到了交通事故,所以遲到了。
錯誤用法: There was a traffic accident on my way here. It is why I was late.
正確用法: There was a traffic accident on my way here. That is why I was late.
小學(xué)英語語法:一般疑問句
表示疑問,一般回答只有兩種可能Yes,……或No,……句中沒有疑問詞。
如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句:
1.看句中有無be動詞,如有,把be動詞提到句首即可。
2.看句中有無情態(tài)動詞,如有,把情態(tài)動詞提到句首即可。
3.如上述二者都沒有,就應(yīng)把助動提到句首。分四個步驟:
(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動詞前。
(2)確定助動詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動詞,動詞是原形的助動詞就用do,動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does,動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。
(3)把助動詞后提到句首。
(4)原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。
強調(diào)一點,有some的要考慮是否要用any。
小學(xué)英語語法:冠詞和數(shù)詞
冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種,一種是定冠詞,另一種是不定冠詞,還有一種是零冠詞。
不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源,是"一個"的意思。a用于輔音音素前,一般讀作[e],而an則用于元音音素前,一般讀做[en]。
1) 表示"一個",意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一類人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 詞組或成語。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
★冠詞的用法
冠詞是虛詞,放在名詞之前,用來說明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。
A(an)叫不定冠詞,the叫定冠詞。A用在輔音之前,an用在元音之前。
1. 不定冠詞的用法
(1) a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:
John is a student.
Mary is an English teacher.
(2) 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個。例如:
A steel worker makes steel.
Pass me an apple, please.
(3) 指某人或某物,但不具體說明何人或和物。例如:
A student wants to see you.
A girl is waiting for you outside.
(4) 表示“每一”的意思,相當(dāng)于every。例如:
Take the medicine three times a day.
They go to see their parents once a week.
★定冠詞用法
(1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如:
The book on the desk is an English dictionary.
Beijing is the capital of China.
(2) 指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或事物。例如:
Open the door, please.
Jack is in the library.
(3) 上文提到過的人或事物。例如:
Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.
(4) 表示世界上無二的事物。例如:
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
(5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞較高級之前。例如:
Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
January is the first month of the year.
(6) 用在某些形容詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:
The nurse is kind to the sick.
We should take good care of the old.
(7) 用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習(xí)慣用語中。例如:
the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。
(8) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某某夫婦”。例如:
the Browns, the whites等。
★不用冠詞的情況
(1) 某些專有名詞,抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。例如:
China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。
(2) 名詞前已有作定語用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代詞時,不用冠詞。例如:
That is my cap.
I have some questions.
Go down this street.
(3) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時,不用冠詞。
They are workers.
We are students.
(4) 稱呼語前不用冠詞,表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。例如:
I don’t feel well today, Mother.
Bush was made president of the U.S.
(5) 三餐飯的名稱前,球類活動,學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前,常不用冠詞。例如:
I have lunch at home.
He often plays football after class.
We have English and maths every day.
(6) 在某些固定詞組里,名詞之前常不用冠詞。例如:
By air, at night, at home, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。
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