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小學(xué)英語(yǔ)怎么學(xué)?小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-08-21 16:42:38來(lái)源:轉(zhuǎn)載

今天,小編針對(duì)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的知識(shí)進(jìn)行了總結(jié),知識(shí)點(diǎn)可能不全,但小編已經(jīng)盡力了。希望今天所總結(jié)的知識(shí)能幫助你更好的學(xué)習(xí)小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的相關(guān)知識(shí)!

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be動(dòng)詞ing。

3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。

4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句。

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的非凡疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:

疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ing?

但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為:

疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意be動(dòng)詞ing?

動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting

3.假如末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,s-sping

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:可數(shù)名詞

可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí),用單數(shù)形式;指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下:

1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如:

book → books room → rooms

house → houses day → days

2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞,在詞尾加-es 。如:

bus → buses glass → glasses

watch → watches

dish → dishes box → boxes

3. 以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞,要先將y改為i再加-es。如:

city → cities body → bodies

factory → factories等等。

4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如:

half → halves leaf → leaves

knife → knives wife → wives

5. 特例 [悄悄話:特例常???,要記住。]

① child → children

② man → men woman → women

policeman → policemen

(規(guī)律:man → men)

③ tomato → tomatoes

potato → potatoes

[悄悄話: 初中英語(yǔ)以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加-es,其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍!如:photo → photos ]

④ foot → feet tooth → teeth

[悄悄話: oo變成ee。]

⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形 [悄悄話:變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。]

⑥ people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,要求謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù); people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指"多個(gè)民族"。

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法: 不可數(shù)名詞

1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)它作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。如:

The food is very fresh. 食品很新鮮。

2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞,有復(fù)數(shù)形式,但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如:

water (水) → waters (水域)

orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)

3. 很多的不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)為不可數(shù),表示種類時(shí)就可數(shù),但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如:

fruit → fruits food → foods

fish → fishes hair → hairs

用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?

2. There is some________(food) in the basket.

3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.

4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.

5. There are five________(people ) in his family.

6. Let's take________(photo), OK?

7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.

8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.

9. The________(child) are playing games

on the playground now.

10. Their________(dictionary) look new.

11. I see you have a few white________(hair).

12. They are________(woman) doctors.

13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?

14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.

15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:連詞的用法

1. 和我不一樣,她對(duì)英語(yǔ)很精通。

錯(cuò)誤用法: Different from me she is proficient in English.

正確用法: Unlike me she is proficient in English.

2. 莫妮卡,借我點(diǎn)錢吧,比方說(shuō)500美元。

錯(cuò)誤用法: Lend me some money for instance 500 dollars Monika.

正確用法: Lend me some money say 500 dollars Monika.

3. 去年夏天我本想去歐洲,但費(fèi)用太高于是放棄了。

錯(cuò)誤用法: I wanted to go to Europe last summer but it was too expensive so I gave up to go.

正確用法: I wanted to go to Europe last summer but it was too expensive so I gave up the idea.

4. 我就是這樣做的。

錯(cuò)誤用法: This is the way how I did it.

正確用法: This is how I did it. or This is the way I did it.

5. 我來(lái)這兒的路上遇到了交通事故,所以遲到了。

錯(cuò)誤用法: There was a traffic accident on my way here. It is why I was late.

正確用法: There was a traffic accident on my way here. That is why I was late.

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:一般疑問(wèn)句

表示疑問(wèn),一般回答只有兩種可能Yes,……或No,……句中沒(méi)有疑問(wèn)詞。

如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句:

1.看句中有無(wú)be動(dòng)詞,如有,把be動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。

2.看句中有無(wú)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如有,把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。

3.如上述二者都沒(méi)有,就應(yīng)把助動(dòng)提到句首。分四個(gè)步驟:

(1)肯定陳述句中本來(lái)是沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(yǔ)(某人或某物)后,動(dòng)詞前。

(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do,動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does,動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式的助動(dòng)詞就有did。

(3)把助動(dòng)詞后提到句首。

(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。

強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),有some的要考慮是否要用any。

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:冠詞和數(shù)詞

冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨(dú)使用,也沒(méi)有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞有三種,一種是定冠詞,另一種是不定冠詞,還有一種是零冠詞。

不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源,是"一個(gè)"的意思。a用于輔音音素前,一般讀作[e],而an則用于元音音素前,一般讀做[en]。

1) 表示"一個(gè)",意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。

A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.

2) 代表一類人或物。

A knife is a tool for cutting with.

Mr. Smith is an engineer.

3) 詞組或成語(yǔ)。

a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden

★冠詞的用法

冠詞是虛詞,放在名詞之前,用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞指的人或事物。冠詞有兩種。

A(an)叫不定冠詞,the叫定冠詞。A用在輔音之前,an用在元音之前。

1. 不定冠詞的用法

(1) a和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:

John is a student.

Mary is an English teacher.

(2) 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。例如:

A steel worker makes steel.

Pass me an apple, please.

(3) 指某人或某物,但不具體說(shuō)明何人或和物。例如:

A student wants to see you.

A girl is waiting for you outside.

(4) 表示“每一”的意思,相當(dāng)于every。例如:

Take the medicine three times a day.

They go to see their parents once a week.

★定冠詞用法

(1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如:

The book on the desk is an English dictionary.

Beijing is the capital of China.

(2) 指說(shuō)話人和聽(tīng)話人都熟悉的人或事物。例如:

Open the door, please.

Jack is in the library.

(3) 上文提到過(guò)的人或事物。例如:

Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 yuan.

(4) 表示世界上無(wú)二的事物。例如:

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

(5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞較高級(jí)之前。例如:

Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

January is the first month of the year.

(6) 用在某些形容詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。例如:

The nurse is kind to the sick.

We should take good care of the old.

(7) 用在某些專有名詞之前和某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。例如:

the Great Wall, the Summer palace, in the morning, in the open air等。

(8) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前,表示“某某一家人”,“某某夫婦”。例如:

the Browns, the whites等。

★不用冠詞的情況

(1) 某些專有名詞,抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。例如:

China, Canada, Japanese, glass, water, love等。

(2) 名詞前已有作定語(yǔ)用的this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等代詞時(shí),不用冠詞。例如:

That is my cap.

I have some questions.

Go down this street.

(3) 復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí),不用冠詞。

They are workers.

We are students.

(4) 稱呼語(yǔ)前不用冠詞,表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。例如:

I don’t feel well today, Mother.

Bush was made president of the U.S.

(5) 三餐飯的名稱前,球類活動(dòng),學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前,常不用冠詞。例如:

I have lunch at home.

He often plays football after class.

We have English and maths every day.

(6) 在某些固定詞組里,名詞之前常不用冠詞。例如:

By air, at night, at home, go to bed, go to school, on foot, from morning till night 等。

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