They say variety is the spice of life—but it can be downright poisonous to your career path. Maybe it took you a while to figure out your passion, so you dabbled in this and that. Perhaps you made a few detours in light of the tough job market. Or maybe you’re one of the millions of people juggling distinct part-time gigs rather than one full-time role.

有人說多樣化讓生活更有情趣——但這可能十分不利于你的職業(yè)生涯。也許你是需要一段時間去弄清楚你的激情所在，所以你涉獵于職場的各個方面。也許你是因為嚴峻的就業(yè)市場形式而走了一些彎路?；蛘撸苍S你是像很多人一樣，同時應付著不同的兼職工作，而不去做一份全職工作。

Exploring different options can work in your favor because it broadens your experience and exposes you to a variety of fields. Problem is, when you apply for a position you really want that speaks to your skill set and professional goals, hiring managers might pass you up in favor of candidates who took a more linear route.

嘗試不同的選擇會對你有利，因為這豐富了你的經(jīng)驗，讓你接觸到各種各樣的領域。但問題是，當你真正想申請到那份滿足你各種技能和職業(yè)目標的工作時，招聘經(jīng)理可能會拒絕你，反而更青睞于那些專一的應聘者。

Career experts are seeing an increase in jack-of-all-trades job hunters, something they attribute to a couple of different factors. "Because of all the layoffs during the recession, workers were forced to take jobs they didn’t really want that might not have been the best fit," says Hannah Morgan, career strategist at Career Sherpa. The go-getter spirit of the millennial generation also comes into play. If millennials don’t receive promotions as quickly as they’d like, they tend to move on to a more desirable position, says Morgan, even if it’s not exactly on their career trajectory.

職業(yè)專家看到現(xiàn)在雜而不精的求職者越來越多，他們將這一現(xiàn)象歸因于幾個不同的因素。在Career Sherpa公司工作的職業(yè)策劃師漢娜摩根說: “由于經(jīng)濟衰退期間全面的裁員，工人被迫從事他們十分不想要的工作，這份工作并不是最適合他們的。”在千禧一代里有積極進取精神的人也開始起作用。如果千禧一代不能很快得到他們所想要的晉升，他們往往會轉向更理想的位置。摩根說，即使這并不符合他們的職業(yè)軌跡。

Yet despite all the job hopefuls with generalist backgrounds, employers are increasingly seeking candidates who have specialized expertise. Since there’s no longer an expectation of lifetime employment with a single company, many companies aren’t committed to developing and training employees, Morgan says. "They know someone is out there who has the exact skills they want, and it makes their lives easier not to train them," she says.

摩根說，但盡管所有的工作候選人都屬于通才，雇主卻會偏向尋求擁有專門技能的候選人。由于不再期望他們會在單個公司終身工作，很多企業(yè)都不會致力于加強員工的技能和培訓員工。“他們知道有人正在離開原本的公司，而這些人具備他們所想要的技能，這讓他們的工作生活更容易而不用去培養(yǎng)他們，”她說。

If your resume features some seemingly unconnected positions, the trick is to weave them together into a cohesive narrative that assures employers you possess the skills they’re after and gets them excited about hiring you. Here are strategies that can help you do just that—so you can transform your job-hopper history from a liability to an advantage.

如果你的簡歷上有一些看似無關的職位，訣竅是你要將他們以一個連貫的敘述編織在一起，以此讓你的雇主相信你有他們正需要的技能并且讓他們很高興能夠雇用你。這里有一些策略，可以幫助你做到這一點。這樣你就可以將你的跳槽歷史從劣勢轉變?yōu)閮?yōu)勢。

SPIN YOUR BRAND

說出對你有利的簡歷內容

Take a hard look at where you’ve been career-wise and where you want to go. Then begin to paint a picture for hiring managers that explains why your job history actually has been a logical progression, although your path has been circuitous. For example, you had one job in marketing and another in accounting because ultimately you want to manage a company, and you sought experience in both departments to round out your knowledge.

認真考慮下工作方面你已經(jīng)做過了的以及你想往哪個方向發(fā)展，然后開始為你的招聘經(jīng)理描述出一幅藍圖，說清雖然你的道路是曲折的，但你的工作經(jīng)歷其實一直是一個合乎邏輯的發(fā)展。例如，你曾做過市場營銷，也曾做過會計，因為你最終想要管理一家公司，所以你在這兩個部門摸索經(jīng)驗來完善自己的知識。

Once you bridge each job to the next, make light of the benefits of having a generalist background. Rather than something to play down, you recast it as a marketable skill. "Let’s say an employer wants someone who comes up to speed quickly," Morgan says. "A job-hopper has done that." In your resume and cover letter, brand yourself as someone who makes a fast impact in the workplace.

一旦你把一個工作和下面一個工作結合起來，就不用太在意自己通才的背景了。與其輕描淡寫，不如將它重塑成適合市場的技能。摩根說:“如果雇主希望雇傭那些能快速跟上節(jié)奏的人，那么一個經(jīng)常更換職業(yè)的人就能做到這點。”在你的簡歷和求職信中，試著把你自己說成能夠在工作上快速產生影響的人。

In addition, "generalists can provide a broad perspective to the business, which can be very valuable," says Sharlyn Lauby, an author, speaker, and president of consulting firm ITM Group. "But organizations still need generalists to produce—so make sure your resume can show specific results, and quantify them whenever possible." Including a line like "mastered new operating procedures and increased efficiency by 15% within three months" highlights how you’ve made a speedy, measurable improvement.

此外，“通才在商業(yè)上往往能有一個廣闊的視野，這是非常有價值的，”一個既是作家、演講家，也是咨詢公司ITM集團總裁的莎朗.洛碧說，“但企業(yè)仍然需要培養(yǎng)通才，所以一定要確保你的簡歷展示了具體的結果，并且盡可能的對其量化。”包括像這樣的話“精通新的操作流程，三個月內提高了15%的效率”可以凸顯你做出了一個快速且明顯的改進。

Without those details, your resume could send the wrong message. "If you are not specific about your contributions in each role on your resume, some readers may assume the reason you keep moving from job to job is that you aren’t succeeding or you don’t know what you want to do," says Miriam Salpeter, owner of Keppie Careers. "Instead of just creating a laundry list of the tasks you’ve done in each role, incorporate detailed explanations of skills you used and outline your accomplishments."

如果沒有這些細節(jié)，你的簡歷可能會傳遞出一個錯誤的信息。“如果你在你的簡歷上沒有具體說明每個角色的貢獻，有些讀者可能會認為你之所以一直在從一個工作換到另一個工作是因為你沒有成功，或者你不知道你想要做什么，”擁有Keppie Careers公司的米利亞姆.薩爾皮特說，“不要僅僅是將你每個角色完成的任務列了一籮筐，要給出你使用技能的具體且詳細的解釋并概括你的成就。”

She suggests reading through your resume, and for every item listed, ask yourself, "So what?" Your bullet points should bring to light explicit, ideally quantifiable outcomes that you’ve achieved.

她建議仔細閱讀自己的簡歷，然后列出每一項，反問自己：“那又怎么樣?”你的重點應該放在你已經(jīng)取得的清楚明確的，理想的量化結果上。

TIE THINGS TOGETHER

將事情結合在一起

Remember that recruiters get dozens of job applications daily, and if they don’t immediately see that you fit the description of the employee they’re looking for, they may move on. "Candidates need to help recruiters help them," Lauby says. Your resume and cover letter need to make connections that tell the complete story.

請記住，招聘人員每天會得到幾十個求職申請，如果他們不能立即看出你與他們正要找的員工描述相符，他們可能會改看其他的求職信。“這既方便了招聘人員，也幫助了求職者自己，”勞比說。你的簡歷和求職信需要建立連接來講述完整的故事。

The best way to do that is to tailor your resume and cover letter to fit the job description. Many job hunters simply skim the company’s posting, slightly tweak their resume accordingly, and shoot it off to HR. But if you want to set the hiring manager’s mind at ease about your wide-ranging history, don’t gloss over this crucial piece of info. "The job description explains point-blank what the employer is looking for," Morgan says. "What you talk about on your resume has to match up exactly."

要做到這一點，最好的方法是調整你的簡歷和求職信來符合工作要求。很多求職者只是瀏覽了下公司所發(fā)布的信息，相應微調了下自己的簡歷，然后就把它發(fā)給了人力資源部。但是如果你想讓你的招聘經(jīng)理對你廣泛的經(jīng)歷放心，那就不要掩飾信息的這個關鍵部分。 “工作要求直截了當?shù)卣f明了雇主需要什么樣的求職者，”摩根說，“在簡歷上你所談論的必須與之精確匹配。”

Of course, we aren’t suggesting that you regurgitate the same language used in the description; instead, include a separate, concrete example from your experience that speaks to each requirement. For instance, Morgan suggests that if the job posting mentions that the candidate must be able to generate new business, one of the bullet points on your resume should touch on a moment when you did precisely that.

當然，我們并不建議你照搬工作要求中用到的同樣的話;相反，你的簡歷要包括一個來源于你經(jīng)歷的，不同且具體的例子來證明你符合每一項要求。例如，摩根認為如果招聘廣告中提到求職者必須能夠創(chuàng)造新的業(yè)務，那么在你的簡歷里其中一個要點就要提到你恰好有一段時間這樣做過。

The looser the connection, the more creative thinking required on your part—e.g., you developed outreach to a new community or improved customer relations with a key client, leading them to recommend your services to others. "It’s possible you have a very similar experience in a different industry," Morgan says. The goal is to find a common point of intersection between your past and the position you’re applying for.

前后工作經(jīng)歷銜接得越不緊密，就需要你有更多的創(chuàng)意想法。例如，你開發(fā)外展服務到一個新的社區(qū)或與一個重要客戶增進了客戶關系，這導致他們把你的服務推薦給其他人。“有可能你在不同的行業(yè)也有非常類似的經(jīng)歷，”摩根說。我們的目標是在你的過去和你申請的職位之間找到一個交叉的共同點。

TAKE ADVANTAGE OF YOUR INTERVIEW TIME

利用你的面試時間

If you have the sense that your work history might be problematic for the employer you’re meeting with, it’s a good idea to address it. "Know what your elephants in the room are," Morgan says.

如果你意識到對于正在面試你的雇主而言你的工作經(jīng)歷還存在著問題，最好的辦法是著手解決它。“知道問題所在就要去處理，”摩根說。

When asked about your experience and qualifications, explain how your past jobs have taught you to use the particular skills that the hiring manager is looking for. For example, your tech skills are top-notch because job-hopping forced you to quickly master many programs. Acclimating to different work environments has polished your team building and collaboration smarts, which helped enhance the business. Clarify that you moved around because you naturally seek challenges and the opportunity to make a measurable impact. "Say, ‘I was looking for a greater challenge in the workplace, so I moved on to find that challenge and make an impact more quickly,’" Morgan suggests.

當問及你的經(jīng)驗和資歷時，請說明你過去的工作是如何教會你使用該特殊技能，這項技能又恰恰是招聘經(jīng)理正在尋找的。例如，你的技術能力是一流的，因為跳槽強迫你迅速掌握許多項目。對不同工作環(huán)境的適應已經(jīng)改善了你的團隊建設和合作技能，這有助于提升你的業(yè)務。你要說清楚你之所以換工作是因為你天性追求挑戰(zhàn)，并且渴望遇到能產生重大影響的機會。“可以說，‘我一直在工作上尋找更大的挑戰(zhàn)，所以我不斷地跳槽去尋找那種挑戰(zhàn)，然后很快就起到了作用。’”摩根建議。

If the employer directly asks about your short-term track record, it could be a sign that she worries you might jump ship if you join her team. "Emphasize that you contribute your utmost in every job," Salpeter says. "Then elaborate on the skills you’ll bring to her organization, why you’re so excited about the position, and how well prepared you are to contribute on day one."

如果雇主直接詢問你短期的業(yè)績記錄，這可能是因為她擔心你如果加入她的團隊可能會跳槽。“你需要強調在每一個崗位都做出了最大的貢獻，”薩爾皮特說。“然后你再詳細說明你能給她的企業(yè)帶來的技能，為什么你對這個職位如此激動，以及在第一天你準備如何來做好貢獻。”

LEAN IN TO SOCIAL MEDIA

依靠社交媒體

Pay close attention to the summary portion of LinkedIn, where you can clarify your top skills as well as the direction you hope to head in career-wise before employers even get to the actual resume listing your experience. Salpeter suggests phrasing things in a way that sets you up as a challenge seeker who gets results fast. Eliminate doubt about your commitment to the job by saying something like, "I’ve had the opportunity to use xyz expertise to accomplish [fill in the blank] in various roles over the past several years. Working in different environments kept my skills sharp and allowed me to stay on the cutting edge. As a result, my employers see that I’m able to accomplish more in a short period of time than many people who have been at the organization long term. I’m always continuing to learn, and hope to work for a company that will allow me to grow and contribute at increasing levels over time."

密切關注LinkedIn(領英)的總結部分，在那里你甚至可以在雇主得到列有你經(jīng)驗的真實履歷，你可以闡明你的頂級技能以及你在工作上希望去發(fā)展的方向。薩爾皮特建議，表述時將你設定為一個追求挑戰(zhàn)，能快速得到結果的人。消除招聘人員對你工作所做貢獻的懷疑，通過說一些如“在過去的幾年中，我不得不使用XXX專業(yè)知識來實現(xiàn)各種角色中的XXX，在不同的環(huán)境中工作可以提高我的技術，并使我一直處在前沿。這樣一來，我的雇主就能看到我在短期內比長期待在企業(yè)里的許多人都要完成的多。我總是不斷地學習，并希望能為公司效力，這會促進我的成長，久而久之我就會有所提高。

“Social media can also help foster the impression of commitment—something that a too-broad background might imply you’re lacking. "Use your Twitter feed or actively participate in a LinkedIn group to demonstrate your professional know-how and interest," Salpeter says. "Consistently sharing insights, articles, and resources with people shows that you’re well informed about the field and you follow it closely."

“社交媒體也可以促進形成奉獻精神，有些背景過于寬泛可能意味著你正缺乏這個。使用Twitter(推特)在LinkedIn上輸入或積極參加LinkedIn(領英團隊)來表現(xiàn)出你的專業(yè)知識和興趣，”薩爾皮特說。“始終如一地與他人分享見解，文章和資源將會表明你充分了解該領域，并且緊跟其步伐。”

Once you put all these techniques in play, hiring managers should be able to clearly understand the rationale behind your all-over-the-map job choices and see how they fit naturally together. You’ll be perceived as perhaps an even more powerful candidate than someone who’s climbed the ladder with laser-like focus.

一旦你把所有的這些技巧都運用上，招聘經(jīng)理就能從你全部的工作選擇背后了解得清清楚楚，并且看到他們都很自然地聯(lián)系在一起。比起那些專注于步步高升的人，你甚至會被視為更有實力的一位求職者。